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gravel — Wiktionary

See also: Gravel

Contents

  • 1 English
    • 1.1 Etymology
    • 1.2 Pronunciation
    • 1.3 Noun
      • 1.3.1 Synonyms
      • 1.3.2 Derived terms
      • 1.3.3 Related terms
      • 1.3.4 Translations
      • 1.3.5 See also
    • 1.4 Verb
      • 1.4.1 Usage notes
      • 1.4.2 Translations
    • 1.5 Anagrams
  • 2 Dutch
    • 2.1 Etymology
    • 2.2 Pronunciation
    • 2.3 Noun

English[edit]

English Wikipedia has an article on:

gravel

Wikipedia

Gravel: fragments of rocksA gravel road

Etymology[edit]

From Middle English gravel, grauel, from Old French gravele, diminutive of grave (“gravel, seashore”), from Medieval Latin grava, ultimately from Proto-Celtic *grāwā (“gravel, pebbles”) (compare Breton groa, Cornish grow, Welsh gro), from Proto-Indo-European *gʰroh₁weh₂, from *gʰreh₁w- (“to grind”).

Compare also Old English græfa (“coal”).

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): /ˈɡɹævəl/
  • Rhymes: -ævəl
    • Audio (UK)(file)

Noun[edit]

gravel (usually uncountable, plural gravels)

  1. (uncountable) Small fragments of rock, used for laying on the beds of roads and railways, and as ballast.
  2. A type or grade of small rocks, differentiated by mineral type, size range, or other characteristics.
  3. (uncountable, geology) A particle from 2 to 64 mm in diameter, following the Wentworth scale.
    Coordinate terms: (>256 mm) boulder, (64–256 mm) cobble, (62.5 μm – 2 mm) sand, (3.9–62.5 μm) silt, (0.98–3.9 μm) clay, (0.95–977 nm) colloid
  4. (uncountable, archaic) Kidney stones; a deposit of small calculous concretions in the kidneys and the urinary or gall bladder; also, the disease of which they are a symptom.
  5. A lameness in the foot of a horse, usually caused by an abscess.

    • 1817, William Johnson, editor, Reports of Cases Argued and Determined in the Supreme Court of Judicature, E. F. Backus, page 211:

      The defendant below hired the horse to go from Cocksackie to Schodack, and the next day after his arrival at the latter place, the horse was found to be lame in one foot; and the lameness increasing, the defendant below was obliged to leave the horse there, and hire another with which to return. About four weeks after, the horse was brought home, and showed signs of gravel working out above the hoof.

    • 1972, James Herriot,

      All Creatures Great and Small, St. Martin’s Press, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 22:

      ‘Looks like pus in the foot to me.’
      ‘I’ll bet you’re right,’ Farnon said. ‘They call it gravel around here, by the way. What do you suggest we do about it?’

  6. (rare) Inability to see at night; night blindness.
  7. (uncountable, cycling) gravel cycling, a discipline in cycling different from road cycling, mountain biking or cyclocross, for a large part on gravel roads, typically with a dedicated gravel bike
Synonyms[edit]
  • (small stones or pebbles): chisel/chessil
  • (calculus deposit): stones, gallstones
Derived terms[edit]
  • crunchy-gravel drama
  • gravel bike
  • gravel cruncher
  • gravel nest
  • gravel pit
  • gravel road
  • gravel road cop
  • gravel trap
  • gravel-walk
  • kidney gravel
  • pea gravel
Related terms[edit]
  • gravel-blind
Translations[edit]

small fragments of rock

  • Albanian: çakëll (sq) m, hakëll m, zhavorr (sq) m
  • Arabic: حَصَى‎ m (ḥaṣā), حَصْبَاء‎ f (ḥaṣbāʔ)
  • Azerbaijani: çınqıl (az)
  • Basque: legar, muger, hartxintxar, hartxinga
  • Belarusian: жвір m (žvir), гра́вій m (hrávij)
  • Bikol Central: graba (bcl)
  • Bulgarian: чакъ́л (bg) m (čakǎ́l), бала́стра f (balástra)
  • Catalan: grava (ca) f
  • Chechen: жагӏа (žağa)
  • Chinese:
    Mandarin: 礫石／砾石 (zh) (lìshí)
  • Czech: štěrk (cs) m
  • Danish: grus (da) n, ral (da) n or c
  • Dutch: grind (nl)
  • Esperanto: gruzo (eo)
  • Estonian: kruus (et)
  • Finnish: sora (fi)
  • French: graviers (fr) m pl, gravillons (fr) m pl
  • Friulian: glerie
  • Galician: brita (gl) f, cascallo m, grava f, grixo m, rebo m
  • Georgian: ხრეში (xreši)
  • German: Kies (de) m, Schotter (de) 
    m    , Kiesel (de) m
  • Greek: χαλίκι (el) n (chalíki)
    Ancient: κάχληξ m (kákhlēx), χάλιξ m or f (khálix)
  • Hawaiian: ʻiliʻili makaliʻi
  • Hebrew: חָצָץ‎ (he) m (khatsáts)
  • Hindi: बजरी (hi) f (bajrī)
  • Hungarian: kavics (hu), sóder (hu), murva (hu)
  • Icelandic: möl (is) f
  • Indonesian: kerikil (id)
  • Irish: gairbhéal m
  • Italian: ghiaia (it) f
  • Japanese: 砂利 (ja) (じゃり, jari)
  • Kazakh: қиыршық тас (qiyrşyq tas), гравий (gravii)
  • Khmer: ក្រួស (km) (kruəh)
  • Korean: 자갈 (ko) (jagal)
  • Kurdish:
    Central Kurdish: چەو‎ (ckb) (çew), زیخ‎ (ckb) (zîx)
    Northern Kurdish: xîz (ku)
  • Kyrgyz: шагыл (ky) (şagıl)
  • Latgalian: žvyrs m
  • Latin: glārea f
  • Latvian: grants m
  • Lithuanian: žvyras m
  • Lombard: gera (lmo) f
  • Luxembourgish: Kiselsteen m
  • Macedonian: ча́кал m (čákal), гра́гор m (grágor)
  • Malay: batu kerikil
  • Manchu: ᠶᠠᠩᡤᡡᠸᠠᠨ (yanggūwan)
  • Maori: matakirikiri, kirikiri, kiripōhatu
  • Mongolian:
    Cyrillic: булш (mn) (bulš)
  • Norwegian:
    Bokmål: grus (no) m or n, pukk 
    m
  • Occitan: grava (oc) f
  • Ottoman Turkish: قوم‎ (kum)
  • Polish: żwir (pl) m
  • Portuguese: cascalho (pt) m, brita (pt) f, gravilha (pt) f
  • Quechua: rawra
  • Romanian: pietriș (ro) n
  • Russian: гра́вий (ru) m (grávij)
  • Sardinian: giarra f, zara f
  • Scots: grevel
  • Serbo-Croatian:
    Cyrillic: шљу́нак m
    Roman: šljúnak (sh) m
  • Sicilian: brecciu, bricciulinu, ghiara (scn) f
  • Slovak: štrk 
    m
  • Slovene: gramoz m, grušč m, prod (sl) m
  • Spanish: grava (es) f, gravilla (es) f
  • Swedish: grus (sv) n
  • Tagalog: graba, gasang
  • Tajik: сангреза (sangreza), шағал (tg) (šaġal)
  • Thai: กรวด (th) (grùuat)
  • Tibetan: བྱེ་རྡོ (bye rdo)
  • Tocharian B: yare
  • Turkish: çakıl (tr)
  • Ukrainian: гра́вій m (hrávij)
  • Uyghur: شېغىل‎ (shëghil)
  • Uzbek: shagʻal (uz)
  • Venetian: giara f, gera f, jera f
  • Vietnamese: sỏi (vi)
  • Welsh: graean (cy) m

type or grade of small rocks

  • French: gravier (fr) m
  • Hebrew: חָצָץ‎ (he) m (ḥatsats)
  • Portuguese: cascalho (pt) m

particle from 2 to 64 mm in diameter

  • Finnish: sora (fi)
  • French: gravier (fr) m
  • German: Kies (de) m
  • Hungarian: kavics (hu)
  • Portuguese: cascalho (pt) m

archaic: kidney stone — See also translations at kidney stone

  • French: gravier (fr) m
  • Italian: calcolo (it) m
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

Translations to be checked

  • Telugu: (please verify)matti
See also[edit]
  • alluvium

Verb[edit]

gravel (third-person singular simple present gravels, present participle gravelling or graveling, simple past and past participle gravelled or graveled)

  1. (transitive) To apply a layer of gravel to the surface of a road, etc.
  2. To puzzle or annoy.
  3. To run (as a ship) upon the gravel or beach; to run aground; to cause to stick fast in gravel or sand.
    • 1605, William Camden, “Grave Speeches and wittie Apothegms of worthy Personages of this Realm in former times,” in Remaines Concerning Britain, London: Simon Miller, sixth impression, 1657, p. 243, [3]
      William Conqerour when he invaded this Iland, chanced at his arrival to be gravelled, and one of his feet stuck so fast in the sand, that he fell to the ground.
  4. To check or stop; to confound; to perplex.
    • 1579, Sir Thomas North, tr., Plutarch’s Lives, The Life of Marcus Antonius:
      The physician was so gravelled and amazed withal, that he had not a word more to say.

    • c.1598–1600 (date written), William Shakespeare, “As You Like It”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, (please specify the scene number in lowercase Roman numerals)]:

      When you were gravelled for lack of matter.

    • 1830, Joseph Plumb Martin, A Narrative of Some of the Adventures, Dangers and Sufferings of a Revolutionary Soldier, Ch. VIII:
      […] I arrived at a spot where I was completely gravelled, and could go no farther one way or the other; […]
  5. To hurt or lame (a horse) by gravel lodged between the shoe and foot.

Part or all of this entry has been imported from the 1913 edition of Webster’s Dictionary, which is now free of copyright and hence in the public domain. The imported definitions may be significantly out of date, and any more recent senses may be completely missing.
(See the entry for gravel in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913)

Usage notes[edit]
  • In North American English, the forms graveled and graveling are more common.
Translations[edit]

To apply a layer of gravel to the surface of a road, etc

  • Finnish: sorata
  • German: schottern (de)
  • Ido: graviizar (io), stonizar (io)
  • Italian: agghiaiare
  • Norwegian:
    Bokmål: gruse (no)
  • Spanish: rociar con grava, salpicar con grava
  • Swedish: grusa (sv)

Anagrams[edit]

  • glaver

Etymology[edit]

Borrowed from English gravel.

Pronunciation[edit]

  • Audio(file)
  • Hyphenation: gra‧vel

Noun[edit]

gravel m or n (uncountable)

  1. claycourt (surface for playing tennis)

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